Integer, Intent (In)	::	nvb, nvint, nvmax, nedge, edge(3,nedge), itrace, lrwork, liwork
Integer, Intent (Inout)	::	ifail
Integer, Intent (Out)	::	nv, nelt, conn(3,2*nvmax+5), iwork(liwork)
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (In)	::	weight(*)
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Inout)	::	coor(2,nvmax)
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Out)	::	rwork(lrwork)

C Header Interface

#include <nag.h>

void

d06acf_ (const Integer *nvb, const Integer *nvint, const Integer *nvmax, const Integer *nedge, const Integer edge[], Integer *nv, Integer *nelt, double coor[], Integer conn[], const double weight[], const Integer *itrace, double rwork[], const Integer *lrwork, Integer iwork[], const Integer *liwork, Integer *ifail)

The routine may be called by the names d06acf or nagf_mesh_dim2_gen_front.

3 Description

d06acf generates the set of interior vertices using an Advancing Front process, based on an incremental method. It allows you to specify a number of fixed interior mesh vertices together with weights which allow concentration of the mesh in their neighbourhood. For more details about the triangulation method, consult the D06 Chapter Introduction as well as George and Borouchaki (1998).

This routine is derived from material in the MODULEF package from INRIA (Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique).

4 References

George P L and Borouchaki H (1998) Delaunay Triangulation and Meshing: Application to Finite Elements Editions HERMES, Paris

5 Arguments

1: $nvb$ – Integer Input

On entry: the number of vertices in the input boundary mesh.

Constraint:

nvb \geq 3

2: $nvint$ – Integer Input

On entry: the number of fixed interior mesh vertices to which a weight will be applied.

Constraint:

nvint \geq 0

3: $nvmax$ – Integer Input

On entry: the maximum number of vertices in the mesh to be generated.

Constraint:

nvmax \geq nvb + nvint

4: $nedge$ – Integer Input

On entry: the number of boundary edges in the input mesh.

Constraint:

nedge \geq 1

5: $edge (3, nedge)$ – Integer array Input

On entry: the specification of the boundary edges.

edge (1, j)

and

edge (2, j)

contain the vertex numbers of the two end points of the

j

th boundary edge.

edge (3, j)

is a user-supplied tag for the

j

th boundary edge and is not used by d06acf.

Constraint:

1 \leq edge (i, j) \leq nvb

and

edge (1, j) \neq edge (2, j)

, for

i = 1, 2

and

j = 1, 2, \dots, nedge

6: $nv$ – Integer Output

On exit: the total number of vertices in the output mesh (including both boundary and interior vertices). If

nvb + nvint = nvmax

, no interior vertices will be generated and

nv = nvmax

7: $nelt$ – Integer Output

On exit: the number of triangular elements in the mesh.

8: $coor (2, nvmax)$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp) array Input/Output

On entry:

coor (1, i)

contains the

x

coordinate of the

i

th input boundary mesh vertex, for

i = 1, 2, \dots, nvb

coor (1, i)

contains the

x

coordinate of the

(i - nvb)

th fixed interior vertex, for

i = nvb + 1, \dots, nvb + nvint

. For boundary and interior vertices,

coor (2, i)

contains the corresponding

y

coordinate, for

i = 1, 2, \dots, nvb + nvint

On exit:

coor (1, i)

will contain the

x

coordinate of the

(i - nvb - nvint)

th generated interior mesh vertex, for

i = nvb + nvint + 1, \dots, nv

; while

coor (2, i)

will contain the corresponding

y

coordinate. The remaining elements are unchanged.

9: $conn (3, 2 \times nvmax + 5)$ – Integer array Output

On exit: the connectivity of the mesh between triangles and vertices. For each triangle

j

conn (i, j)

gives the indices of its three vertices (in anticlockwise order), for

i = 1, 2, 3

and

j = 1, 2, \dots, nelt

10: $weight (*)$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp) array Input

Note: the dimension of the array weight must be at least

\max (1, nvint)

On entry: the weight of fixed interior vertices. It is the diameter of triangles (length of the longer edge) created around each of the given interior vertices.

Constraint: if

nvint > 0

weight (i) > 0.0

, for

i = 1, 2, \dots, nvint

11: $itrace$ – Integer Input

On entry: the level of trace information required from d06acf.

$itrace \leq 0$: No output is generated.
$itrace \geq 1$: Output from the meshing solver is printed on the current advisory message unit (see x04abf). This output contains details of the vertices and triangles generated by the process.

You are advised to set

itrace = 0

, unless you are experienced with finite element mesh generation.

12: $rwork (lrwork)$ – Real (Kind=nag_wp) array Workspace

13: $lrwork$ – Integer Input

On entry: the dimension of the array rwork as declared in the (sub)program from which d06acf is called.

Constraint:

lrwork \geq 12 \times nvmax + 30015

14: $iwork (liwork)$ – Integer array Workspace

15: $liwork$ – Integer Input

On entry: the dimension of the array iwork as declared in the (sub)program from which d06acf is called.

Constraint:

liwork \geq 8 \times nedge + 53 \times nvmax + 2 \times nvb + 10078

16: $ifail$ – Integer Input/Output

On entry: ifail must be set to

0

−1

1

to set behaviour on detection of an error; these values have no effect when no error is detected.

A value of

0

causes the printing of an error message and program execution will be halted; otherwise program execution continues. A value of

−1

means that an error message is printed while a value of

1

means that it is not.

If halting is not appropriate, the value

−1

1

is recommended. If message printing is undesirable, then the value

1

is recommended. Otherwise, the value

0

is recommended. When the value $- 1$ or $1$ is used it is essential to test the value of ifail on exit.

On exit:

ifail = 0

unless the routine detects an error or a warning has been flagged (see Section 6).

6 Error Indicators and Warnings

If on entry

ifail = 0

−1

, explanatory error messages are output on the current error message unit (as defined by x04aaf).

Errors or warnings detected by the routine:

$ifail = 1$: On entry, $edge (I, J) = ⟨ value ⟩$ , $I = ⟨ value ⟩$ , $J = ⟨ value ⟩$ and $nvb = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $edge (I, J) \geq 1$ and $edge (I, J) \leq nvb$ .

On entry, $liwork = ⟨ value ⟩$ and $LIWKMN = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $liwork \geq LIWKMN$ .

On entry, $lrwork = ⟨ value ⟩$ and $LRWKMN = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $lrwork \geq LRWKMN$ .

On entry, $nedge = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $nedge \geq 1$ .

On entry, $nv = ⟨ value ⟩$ , $nvint = ⟨ value ⟩$ and $nvmax = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $nvb + nvint \leq nvmax$ .

On entry, $nvb = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $nvb \geq 3$ .

On entry, $nvint = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $nvint \geq 0$ .

On entry, the end points of the edge $J$ have the same index $I$ : $J = ⟨ value ⟩$ and $I = ⟨ value ⟩$ .

On entry, $weight (I) = ⟨ value ⟩$ and $I = ⟨ value ⟩$ .
Constraint: $weight (I) > 0.0$ .

$ifail = 2$: An error has occurred during the generation of the interior mesh. Check the definition of the boundary (arguments coor and edge) as well as the orientation of the boundary (especially in the case of a multiple connected component boundary). Setting $itrace > 0$ may provide more details.

$ifail = 3$: An error has occurred during the generation of the boundary mesh. Check the definition of the boundary (arguments coor and edge) as well as the orientation of the boundary (especially in the case of a multiple connected component boundary). Setting $itrace > 0$ may provide more details.

$ifail = - 99$: An unexpected error has been triggered by this routine. Please contact NAG.
See Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.

$ifail = - 399$: Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.

$ifail = - 999$: Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 9 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.

7 Accuracy

Not applicable.

8 Parallelism and Performance

Background information to multithreading can be found in the Multithreading documentation.

d06acf makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.

Please consult the X06 Chapter Introduction for information on how to control and interrogate the OpenMP environment used within this routine. Please also consult the Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.

9 Further Comments

The position of the internal vertices is a function position of the vertices on the given boundary. A fine mesh on the boundary results in a fine mesh in the interior. During the process vertices are generated on edges of the mesh

T_{i}

to obtain the mesh

T_{i + 1}

in the general incremental method (consult the D06 Chapter Introduction or George and Borouchaki (1998)).

You are advised to take care to set the boundary inputs properly, especially for a boundary with multiply connected components. The orientation of the interior boundaries should be in clockwise order and opposite to that of the exterior boundary. If the boundary has only one connected component, its orientation should be anticlockwise.

10 Example

In this example, a geometry with two holes (two wings inside an exterior circle) is meshed using a Delaunay–Voronoi method. The exterior circle is centred at the point

(1.5, 0.0)

with a radius

4.5

, the first wing begins at the origin and it is normalized, finally the last wing is also normalized and begins at the point

(0.8, - 0.3)

. To be able to carry out some realistic computation on that geometry, some interior points have been introduced to have a finer mesh in the wake of those airfoils.

The boundary mesh has

120

vertices and

120

edges (see Figure 1 top). Note that the particular mesh generated could be sensitive to the machine precision and, therefore, may differ from one implementation to another.