NAG FL Interface
g01adf (summary_​freq)

1 Purpose

g01adf calculates the mean, standard deviation and coefficients of skewness and kurtosis for data grouped in a frequency distribution.

2 Specification

Fortran Interface
Subroutine g01adf ( k, x, ifreq, xmean, s2, s3, s4, n, ifail)
Integer, Intent (In) :: k, ifreq(k)
Integer, Intent (Inout) :: ifail
Integer, Intent (Out) :: n
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (In) :: x(k)
Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Out) :: xmean, s2, s3, s4
C Header Interface
#include <nag.h>
void  g01adf_ (const Integer *k, const double x[], const Integer ifreq[], double *xmean, double *s2, double *s3, double *s4, Integer *n, Integer *ifail)
The routine may be called by the names g01adf or nagf_stat_summary_freq.

3 Description

The input data consist of a univariate frequency distribution, denoted by fi, for i=1,2,,k-1, and the boundary values of the classes xi, for i=1,2,,k. Thus the frequency associated with the interval xi,xi+1 is fi, and g01adf assumes that all the values in this interval are concentrated at the point
yi=xi+1+xi/2,  i=1,2,,k-1.  
The following quantities are calculated:
  1. (a)total frequency,
    n=i= 1 k- 1fi.  
  2. (b)mean,
    y¯=i=1 k-1fiyin.  
  3. (c)standard deviation,
    s2=i= 1 k- 1fi yi-y¯ 2 n- 1 ,   n 2.  
  4. (d)coefficient of skewness,
    s3=i=1 k-1fi yi-y¯ 3 n-1×s23 ,  n2.  
  5. (e)coefficient of kurtosis,
    s4=i= 1 k- 1fi yi-y¯ 4 n- 1×s24 - 3,   n 2.  
The routine has been developed primarily for groupings of a continuous variable. If, however, the routine is to be used on the frequency distribution of a discrete variable, taking the values y1,,yk-1, then the boundary values for the classes may be defined as follows:
  1. (i)for k>2,
    x1=3y1-y2/2 xj=yj-1+yj/2, j=2,,k-1 xk=3yk-1-yk-2/2  
  2. (ii)for k=2,
    x1=y1-a   and   x2=y1+a   for any ​a>0 .  

4 References

None.

5 Arguments

1: k Integer Input
On entry: k, the number of class boundaries, which is one more than the number of classes of the frequency distribution.
Constraint: k>1.
2: xk Real (Kind=nag_wp) array Input
On entry: the elements of x must contain the boundary values of the classes in ascending order, so that class i is bounded by the values in xi and xi+1, for i=1,2,,k-1.
Constraint: xi<xi+1, for i=1,2,,k-1.
3: ifreqk Integer array Input
On entry: the ith element of ifreq must contain the frequency associated with the ith class, for i=1,2,,k-1. ifreqk is not used by the routine.
Constraints:
  • ifreqi0, for i=1,2,,k-1;
  • i=1 k-1ifreqi>0.
4: xmean Real (Kind=nag_wp) Output
On exit: the mean value, y¯.
5: s2 Real (Kind=nag_wp) Output
On exit: the standard deviation, s2.
6: s3 Real (Kind=nag_wp) Output
On exit: the coefficient of skewness, s3.
7: s4 Real (Kind=nag_wp) Output
On exit: the coefficient of kurtosis, s4.
8: n Integer Output
On exit: the total frequency, n.
9: ifail Integer Input/Output
On entry: ifail must be set to 0, -1 or 1. If you are unfamiliar with this argument you should refer to Section 4 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for details.
For environments where it might be inappropriate to halt program execution when an error is detected, the value -1 or 1 is recommended. If the output of error messages is undesirable, then the value 1 is recommended. Otherwise, if you are not familiar with this argument, the recommended value is 0. When the value -1 or 1 is used it is essential to test the value of ifail on exit.
On exit: ifail=0 unless the routine detects an error or a warning has been flagged (see Section 6).

6 Error Indicators and Warnings

If on entry ifail=0 or -1, explanatory error messages are output on the current error message unit (as defined by x04aaf).
Errors or warnings detected by the routine:
ifail=1
On entry, k=value.
Constraint: k>1.
ifail=2
On entry, I=value, xI-1=value and xI=value.
Constraint: xI-1xI.
ifail=3
Either ifreqi<0 for some i, or the sum of frequencies is zero.
ifail=4
The total frequency, n, is less than 2, hence the quantities s2, s3 and s4 cannot be calculated.
ifail=-99
An unexpected error has been triggered by this routine. Please contact NAG.
See Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.
ifail=-399
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.
ifail=-999
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See Section 9 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.

7 Accuracy

The method used is believed to be stable.

8 Parallelism and Performance

g01adf is not threaded in any implementation.

9 Further Comments

The time taken by g01adf increases linearly with k.

10 Example

In the example program, NPROB determines the number of sets of data to be analysed. For each analysis, the boundary values of the classes and the frequencies are read. After g01adf has been successfully called, the input data and calculated quantities are printed. In the example, there is one set of data, with 14 classes.

10.1 Program Text

Program Text (g01adfe.f90)

10.2 Program Data

Program Data (g01adfe.d)

10.3 Program Results

Program Results (g01adfe.r)