NAG FL Interface
c06pcf (fft_complex_1d)
1
Purpose
c06pcf calculates the discrete Fourier transform of a sequence of complex data values (using complex data type).
2
Specification
Fortran Interface
| Integer, Intent (In) |
:: |
n |
| Integer, Intent (Inout) |
:: |
ifail |
| Complex (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Inout) |
:: |
x(n), work(*) |
| Character (1), Intent (In) |
:: |
direct |
|
C++ Header Interface
|
#include <nag.h> extern "C" {
}
|
The routine may be called by the names c06pcf or nagf_sum_fft_complex_1d.
3
Description
Given a sequence of
complex data values
, for
,
c06pcf calculates their (
forward or
backward) discrete Fourier transform (DFT) defined by
(Note the scale factor of
in this definition.) The minus sign is taken in the argument of the exponential within the summation when the forward transform is required, and the plus sign is taken when the backward transform is required.
A call of c06pcf with followed by a call with will restore the original data.
c06pcf uses a variant of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm (see
Brigham (1974)) known as the Stockham self-sorting algorithm, which is described in
Temperton (1983). If
is a large prime number or if
contains large prime factors, then the Fourier transform is performed using Bluestein's algorithm (see
Bluestein (1968)), which expresses the DFT as a convolution that in turn can be efficiently computed using FFTs of highly composite sizes.
4
References
Bluestein L I (1968) A linear filtering approach to the computation of the discrete Fourier transform Northeast Electronics Research and Engineering Meeting Record 10 218–219
Brigham E O (1974) The Fast Fourier Transform Prentice–Hall
Temperton C (1983) Self-sorting mixed-radix fast Fourier transforms J. Comput. Phys. 52 1–23
5
Arguments
-
1:
– Character(1)
Input
-
On entry: if the forward transform as defined in
Section 3 is to be computed,
direct must be set equal to 'F'.
If the backward transform is to be computed,
direct must be set equal to 'B'.
Constraint:
or .
-
2:
– Complex (Kind=nag_wp) array
Input/Output
-
On entry: if
x is declared with bounds
in the subroutine from which
c06pcf is called,
must contain
, for
.
On exit: the components of the discrete Fourier transform.
If
x is declared with bounds
in the subroutine from which
c06pcf is called,
is contained in
, for
.
-
3:
– Integer
Input
-
On entry: , the number of data values.
Constraint:
.
-
4:
– Complex (Kind=nag_wp) array
Workspace
-
Note: the dimension of the array
work
must be at least
.
The workspace requirements as documented for c06pcf may be an overestimate in some implementations.
On exit: the real part of
contains the minimum workspace required for the current value of
n with this implementation.
-
5:
– Integer
Input/Output
-
On entry:
ifail must be set to
,
. If you are unfamiliar with this argument you should refer to
Section 4 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for details.
For environments where it might be inappropriate to halt program execution when an error is detected, the value
is recommended. If the output of error messages is undesirable, then the value
is recommended. Otherwise, if you are not familiar with this argument, the recommended value is
.
When the value is used it is essential to test the value of ifail on exit.
On exit:
unless the routine detects an error or a warning has been flagged (see
Section 6).
6
Error Indicators and Warnings
If on entry
or
, explanatory error messages are output on the current error message unit (as defined by
x04aaf).
Errors or warnings detected by the routine:
-
On entry, .
Constraint: .
-
On entry, .
Constraint: or .
-
An internal error has occurred in this routine.
Check the routine call and any array sizes.
If the call is correct then please contact
NAG for assistance.
An unexpected error has been triggered by this routine. Please
contact
NAG.
See
Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See
Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See
Section 9 in the Introduction to the NAG Library FL Interface for further information.
7
Accuracy
Some indication of accuracy can be obtained by performing a subsequent inverse transform and comparing the results with the original sequence (in exact arithmetic they would be identical).
8
Parallelism and Performance
c06pcf is threaded by NAG for parallel execution in multithreaded implementations of the NAG Library.
c06pcf makes calls to BLAS and/or LAPACK routines, which may be threaded within the vendor library used by this implementation. Consult the documentation for the vendor library for further information.
Please consult the
X06 Chapter Introduction for information on how to control and interrogate the OpenMP environment used within this routine. Please also consult the
Users' Note for your implementation for any additional implementation-specific information.
The time taken is approximately proportional to , but also depends on the factorization of . c06pcf is faster if the only prime factors of are , or ; and fastest of all if is a power of .
When the Bluestein's FFT algorithm is in use, an additional complex workspace of size approximately is allocated.
10
Example
This example reads in a sequence of complex data values and prints their discrete Fourier transform (as computed by c06pcf with ). It then performs an inverse transform using c06pcf with , and prints the sequence so obtained alongside the original data values.
10.1
Program Text
10.2
Program Data
10.3
Program Results