NAG CL Interface
e01cec (dim1_monconv_disc)
1
Purpose
e01cec computes, for a given set of data points, the forward values and other values required for monotone convex interpolation as defined in
Hagan and West (2008). This form of interpolation is particularly suited to the construction of yield curves in Financial Mathematics but can be applied to any data where it is desirable to preserve both monotonicity and convexity.
2
Specification
void |
e01cec (Integer n,
double lam,
Nag_Boolean negfor,
Nag_Boolean yfor,
const double x[],
const double y[],
double comm[],
NagError *fail) |
|
The function may be called by the names: e01cec, nag_interp_dim1_monconv_disc or nag_interp_1d_monconv_disc.
3
Description
e01cec computes, for a set of data points,
, for
, the discrete forward rates,
, and the instantaneous forward rates,
, which are used in a monotone convex interpolation method that attempts to preserve both the monotonicity and the convexity of the original data. The monotone convex interpolation method is due to Hagan and West and is described in
Hagan and West (2006),
Hagan and West (2008) and
West (2011).
The discrete forward rates are defined simply, for ordered data, by
The discrete forward rates, if pre-computed, may be supplied instead of
, in which case the original values
are computed using the inverse of
(1).
The data points need not be ordered on input (though must correspond to ); a set of ordered and scaled values are calculated from and stored.
In its simplest form, the instantaneous forward rates,
, at the data points are computed as linear interpolations of the
:
If it is required, as a constraint, that these values should never be negative then a limiting filter is applied to
as described in Section 3.6 of
West (2011).
An ameliorated (smoothed) form of this linear interpolation for the forward rates is implemented using the amelioration (smoothing) parameter
. For
, equation
(2) is used (with possible post-process filtering); for
, the ameliorated method described fully in
West (2011) is used.
The values computed by
e01cec are used by
e01cfc to compute, for a given value
, the monotone convex interpolated (or extrapolated) value
and the corresponding instantaneous forward rate
; the curve gradient at
can be derived as
for
.
4
References
Hagan P S and West G (2006) Interpolation methods for curve construction Applied Mathematical Finance 13(2) 89–129
Hagan P S and West G (2008) Methods for constructing a yield curve WILLMOTT Magazine May 70–81
West G (2011) The monotone convex method of interpolation Financial Modelling Agency
5
Arguments
-
1:
– Integer
Input
-
On entry: , the number of data points.
Constraint:
.
-
2:
– double
Input
-
On entry:
, the amelioration (smoothing) parameter. Forward rates are first computed using
(2) and then, if
, a limiting filter is applied which depends on neighbouring discrete forward values. This filter has a smoothing effect on the curve that increases with
.
Suggested value:
.
Constraint:
.
-
3:
– Nag_Boolean
Input
-
On entry: determines whether or not to allow negative forward rates.
- Negative forward rates are permitted.
- Forward rates calculated must be non-negative.
-
4:
– Nag_Boolean
Input
-
On entry: determines whether the array
y contains values,
, or discrete forward rates
.
- y contains the discrete forward rates
, for .
- y contains the values
, for .
-
5:
– const double
Input
-
On entry: , the (possibly unordered) set of data points.
-
6:
– const double
Input
-
On entry:
If , the discrete forward rates corresponding to the data points
, for .
If , the data values corresponding to the data points
, for .
-
7:
– double
Communication Array
-
On exit: contains information to be passed to
e01cfc. The information stored includes the discrete forward
rates
, the
instantaneous forward rates
, and the ordered data points
.
-
8:
– NagError *
Input/Output
-
The NAG error argument (see
Section 7 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface).
6
Error Indicators and Warnings
- NE_ALLOC_FAIL
-
Dynamic memory allocation failed.
See
Section 3.1.2 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
- NE_BAD_PARAM
-
On entry, argument had an illegal value.
- NE_DATA_NOT_UNIQUE
-
On entry,
x contains duplicate data points.
- NE_INT
-
On entry, .
Constraint: .
- NE_INTERNAL_ERROR
-
An internal error has occurred in this function. Check the function call and any array sizes. If the call is correct then please contact
NAG for assistance.
See
Section 7.5 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
- NE_NO_LICENCE
-
Your licence key may have expired or may not have been installed correctly.
See
Section 8 in the Introduction to the NAG Library CL Interface for further information.
- NE_REAL
-
On entry, .
Constraint: .
7
Accuracy
The computational errors in the values stored in the array
comm should be negligible in most practical situations.
8
Parallelism and Performance
e01cec is not threaded in any implementation.
e01cec internally allocates reals.
10
Example
See
Section 10 in
e01cfc.