NAG Library Manual, Mark 29.3
Interfaces:  FL   CL   CPP   AD 

NAG FL Interface Introduction
Example description
!   Mark 29.3 Release. NAG Copyright 2023.

    Module e04tcfe_mod

!     .. Use Statements ..
      Use iso_c_binding, Only: c_f_pointer, c_ptr
      Use nag_library, Only: nag_wp
!     .. Implicit None Statement ..
      Implicit None
!     .. Accessibility Statements ..
      Private
      Public                           :: lsqfun, lsqgrd
!     .. Derived Type Definitions ..
      Type, Public                     :: usr_data
        Integer                        :: nres = 0
        Real (Kind=nag_wp), Allocatable :: t(:), y(:)
      End Type usr_data


    Contains

      Subroutine lsqfun(nvar,x,nres,rx,inform,iuser,ruser,cpuser)

!       .. Implicit None Statement ..
        Implicit None
!       .. Scalar Arguments ..
        Type (c_ptr), Intent (In)      :: cpuser
        Integer, Intent (Inout)        :: inform
        Integer, Intent (In)           :: nres, nvar
!       .. Array Arguments ..
        Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Inout) :: ruser(*)
        Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Out) :: rx(nres)
        Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (In) :: x(nvar)
        Integer, Intent (Inout)        :: iuser(*)
!       .. Local Scalars ..
        Type (usr_data), Pointer       :: ud
        Integer                        :: i
!       .. Intrinsic Procedures ..
        Intrinsic                      :: sin
!       .. Executable Statements ..

!       Unpack the user data from cpuser
        Call c_f_pointer(cpuser,ud)
        Do i = 1, nres
          rx(i) = (x(1)*ud%t(i)**2+x(2)*ud%t(i)+x(3)+x(4)*sin(x(5)*ud%t(i))) - &
            ud%y(i)
        End Do

      End Subroutine lsqfun

      Subroutine lsqgrd(nvar,x,nres,nnzrd,rdx,inform,iuser,ruser,cpuser)

!       .. Implicit None Statement ..
        Implicit None
!       .. Scalar Arguments ..
        Type (c_ptr), Intent (In)      :: cpuser
        Integer, Intent (Inout)        :: inform
        Integer, Intent (In)           :: nnzrd, nres, nvar
!       .. Array Arguments ..
        Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (Inout) :: rdx(nnzrd), ruser(*)
        Real (Kind=nag_wp), Intent (In) :: x(nvar)
        Integer, Intent (Inout)        :: iuser(*)
!       .. Local Scalars ..
        Type (usr_data), Pointer       :: ud
        Integer                        :: i
!       .. Intrinsic Procedures ..
        Intrinsic                      :: cos, sin
!       .. Executable Statements ..

!       Unpack the user data from cpuser
        Call c_f_pointer(cpuser,ud)

        Do i = 1, nres
          rdx((i-1)*nvar+1) = ud%t(i)**2
          rdx((i-1)*nvar+2) = ud%t(i)
          rdx((i-1)*nvar+3) = 1.0_nag_wp
          rdx((i-1)*nvar+4) = sin(x(5)*ud%t(i))
          rdx((i-1)*nvar+5) = x(4)*ud%t(i)*cos(x(5)*ud%t(i))
        End Do
      End Subroutine lsqgrd

    End Module e04tcfe_mod


    Program e04tcfe

!     This example shows how to use the NAG Optimization Modeling Suite
!     to edit a nonlinear least squares problem.
!     In particular, the outlier residuals are disabled without having to
!     redefine the full problem and comparing the solutions is easy.
!
!     we try to fit the following model with 5 parameters:
!       f(t) = at^2 + bt + c + d sin(omega t)
!     to some noisy data (30 points) with 2 outliers (point 10 and 20)
!     The data was generated using the values:
!       a = 0.3
!       b = 1.0
!       c = 0.01
!       d = 0.2
!       omega = 5.0

!     .. Use Statements ..
      Use e04tcfe_mod, Only: lsqfun, lsqgrd, usr_data
      Use iso_c_binding, Only: c_loc, c_null_ptr, c_ptr
      Use nag_library, Only: e04ffu, e04ggf, e04ggu, e04ggv, e04raf, e04rmf,   &
                             e04rzf, e04tbf, e04tcf, e04tdf, e04zmf, nag_wp
!     .. Implicit None Statement ..
      Implicit None
!     .. Parameters ..
      Integer, Parameter               :: nin = 5, nout = 6
!     .. Local Scalars ..
      Type (c_ptr)                     :: cpuser, handle
      Type (usr_data), Target          :: ud
      Integer                          :: ifail, isparse, nnzrd, nres, nvar
!     .. Local Arrays ..
      Real (Kind=nag_wp)               :: rinfo(100), ruser(1), stats(100)
      Real (Kind=nag_wp), Allocatable  :: rx(:), x(:)
      Integer                          :: icolrd(1), irowrd(1), iuser(1)
!     .. Executable Statements ..

      Write (nout,*) 'E04TCF Example Program Results'
      Write (nout,*)

      handle = c_null_ptr
      cpuser = c_null_ptr

!     Skip Header in data file
      Read (nin,*)

!     Read number of residuals
      Read (nin,*) nres
      ud%nres = nres

!     Allocate memory
      Allocate (ud%t(nres),ud%y(nres))

!     Read observations
      Read (nin,*) ud%t(1:nres)
      Read (nin,*) ud%y(1:nres)

!     try to fit the model
!     f(t) = at^2 + bt + c + d sin(omega t)
!     To the data {(t_i, y_i)}
      nvar = 5

!     Initialize the NAG optimization handle
      ifail = 0
      Call e04raf(handle,nvar,ifail)

!     Define a dense nonlinear least-squares objective function
!     (isparse = 0 => the sparsity pattern of the Jacobian doesn't need to be
!     defined)
      isparse = 0
      nnzrd = 1
      Call e04rmf(handle,nres,isparse,nnzrd,irowrd,icolrd,ifail)

!     Set some optional parameters to control the output of the solver
      Call e04zmf(handle,'Print Options = No',ifail)
      Call e04zmf(handle,'Print Solution = X',ifail)
      Call e04zmf(handle,'Print Level = 1',ifail)

      Write (nout,*) 'First solve the problem with the outliers'
      Write (nout,*)
      Write (nout,*)                                                           &
        '--------------------------------------------------------'

!     Call the solver
      Allocate (x(nvar),rx(nres))
      x(1:nvar) = 1.0_nag_wp
      cpuser = c_loc(ud)
      ifail = -1
      Call e04ggf(handle,lsqfun,lsqgrd,e04ggu,e04ggv,e04ffu,nvar,x,nres,rx,    &
        rinfo,stats,iuser,ruser,cpuser,ifail)

      Write (nout,*)                                                           &
        '--------------------------------------------------------'
      Write (nout,*)
      Write (nout,*)                                                           &
        'Now remove the outlier residuals from the problem handle'
      Write (nout,*)
      Write (nout,*)                                                           &
        '--------------------------------------------------------'

!     Disable the two outlier residuals
      Call e04tcf(handle,'NLS',2,(/10,20/),ifail)

!     Solve the problem again
      x(1:nvar) = 1.0_nag_wp
      ifail = -1
      Call e04ggf(handle,lsqfun,lsqgrd,e04ggu,e04ggv,e04ffu,nvar,x,nres,rx,    &
        rinfo,stats,iuser,ruser,cpuser,ifail)

      Write (nout,*)                                                           &
        '--------------------------------------------------------'
      Write (nout,*)
      Write (nout,*) 'Assuming the outliers points are measured again'
      Write (nout,*) 'we can enable the residuals and adjust the values'
      Write (nout,*)
      Write (nout,*)                                                           &
        '--------------------------------------------------------'

!     Fix the first variable to its known value of 0.3
!     enable the residuals and adjust the values in the data
      Call e04tdf(handle,'variable',1,0.3_nag_wp,0.3_nag_wp,ifail)
      Call e04tbf(handle,'NLS',2,(/10,20/),ifail)
      ud%y(10) = -0.515629_nag_wp
      ud%y(20) = 0.54920_nag_wp

!     Solve the problem
      x(1:nvar) = 1.0_nag_wp
      ifail = -1
      Call e04ggf(handle,lsqfun,lsqgrd,e04ggu,e04ggv,e04ffu,nvar,x,nres,rx,    &
        rinfo,stats,iuser,ruser,cpuser,ifail)

!     Free the handle memory
      ifail = 0
      Call e04rzf(handle,ifail)

    End Program e04tcfe