NAG Library Function Document
nag_1d_cheb_interp_fit (e02afc)
1 Purpose
nag_1d_cheb_interp_fit (e02afc) computes the coefficients of a polynomial, in its Chebyshev series form, which interpolates (passes exactly through) data at a special set of points. Least squares polynomial approximations can also be obtained.
2 Specification
#include <nag.h> |
#include <nage02.h> |
void |
nag_1d_cheb_interp_fit (Integer nplus1,
const double f[],
double a[],
NagError *fail) |
|
3 Description
nag_1d_cheb_interp_fit (e02afc) computes the coefficients
, for
, in the Chebyshev series
which interpolates the data
at the points
Here
denotes the Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind of degree
with argument
. The use of these points minimizes the risk of unwanted fluctuations in the polynomial and is recommended when you can choose the data abscissae, e.g., when the data is given as a graph. For further advantages of this choice of points, see
Clenshaw (1962).
In terms of your original variables,
say, the values of
at which the data
are to be provided are
where
and
are respectively the upper and lower ends of the range of
over which you wish to interpolate.
Truncation of the resulting series after the term involving
, say, yields a least squares approximation to the data. This approximation,
, say, is the polynomial of degree
which minimizes
where the residual
, for
.
The method employed is based on the application of the three-term recurrence relation due to
Clenshaw (1955) for the evaluation of the defining expression for the Chebyshev coefficients (see, for example,
Clenshaw (1962)). The modifications to this recurrence relation suggested by Reinsch and Gentleman (see
Gentleman (1969)) are used to give greater numerical stability.
For further details of the algorithm and its use see
Cox (1974),
Cox and Hayes (1973).
Subsequent evaluation of the computed polynomial, perhaps truncated after an appropriate number of terms, should be carried out using
nag_1d_cheb_eval (e02aec).
4 References
Clenshaw C W (1955) A note on the summation of Chebyshev series Math. Tables Aids Comput. 9 118–120
Clenshaw C W (1962) Chebyshev Series for Mathematical Functions Mathematical tables HMSO
Cox M G (1974) A data-fitting package for the non-specialist user Software for Numerical Mathematics (ed D J Evans) Academic Press
Cox M G and Hayes J G (1973) Curve fitting: a guide and suite of algorithms for the non-specialist user NPL Report NAC26 National Physical Laboratory
Gentleman W M (1969) An error analysis of Goertzel's (Watt's) method for computing Fourier coefficients Comput. J. 12 160–165
5 Arguments
- 1:
nplus1 – IntegerInput
On entry: the number of data points (one greater than the degree of the interpolating polynomial).
Constraint:
.
- 2:
f[nplus1] – const doubleInput
-
On entry: for
,
must contain
the value of the dependent variable (ordinate) corresponding to the value
of the independent variable (abscissa)
, or equivalently to the value
of your original variable
. Here
and
are respectively the upper and lower ends of the range over which you wish to interpolate.
- 3:
a[nplus1] – doubleOutput
-
On exit: is the coefficient in the interpolating polynomial, for .
- 4:
fail – NagError *Input/Output
-
The NAG error argument (see
Section 3.6 in the Essential Introduction).
6 Error Indicators and Warnings
- NE_INT_ARG_LT
-
On entry,
nplus1 must not be less than 2:
.
7 Accuracy
The rounding errors committed are such that the computed coefficients are exact for a slightly perturbed set of ordinates . The ratio of the sum of the absolute values of the to the sum of the absolute values of the is less than a small multiple of , where is the machine precision.
8 Parallelism and Performance
Not applicable.
The time taken by nag_1d_cheb_interp_fit (e02afc) is approximately proportional to .
For choice of degree when using the function for least squares approximation, see the
e02 Chapter Introduction.
10 Example
Determine the Chebyshev coefficients of the polynomial which interpolates the data , for , where and . Evaluate, for comparison with the values of , the resulting Chebyshev series at , for .
The example program supplied is written in a general form that will enable polynomial interpolations of arbitrary data at the cosine points
, for
to be obtained for any
(
). Note that
nag_1d_cheb_eval (e02aec) is used to evaluate the interpolating polynomial. The program is self-starting in that any number of datasets can be supplied.
10.1 Program Text
Program Text (e02afce.c)
10.2 Program Data
Program Data (e02afce.d)
10.3 Program Results
Program Results (e02afce.r)